Universal English pronunciation

Universal English pronunciation is the use of the English alphabet to describe the phonemes needed to pronounce any word, term, sign or expression from any other language. A similar pronunciation guide may be generated for any language.

An example is Ophiuchi, pronounced ‘oh-fee-yoo-ki’. No mysterious symbols from specialty fields are needed.

Languages or forms of communication exist which use sounds or apparent noises to convey meaning to those aware.

These can be represented by letters of the alphabet plus punctuation. K! conveys a quick and abrupt Kay sound for instance.

An audible record from a native speaker, plus appropriate visual or anatomical images may help others pronounce the sound.

Universals

The word "universal" has a pronunciation guide

or

but an unfamiliarity with these symbols prevents knowing pronunciation. Using more familiar words like "you" ("n" as in "new" and "i" as in "fig" gives "ni") "v" with "er" for "ver" "sl" yields "u-ni-ver-sal". Or, ending with "sls" yields "u-ni-ver-sals".

For accent, breaking the word in two: "uni" "versal" approximates the accent on "ni" as "uni'versal".

Alphabets

Majuscule forms (also called uppercase or capital letters)
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
Minuscule forms (also called lowercase or small letters)
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

Research

Hypothesis:

  1. Using English words, language sounds can be approximately represented.

Control groups

This is an image of a Lewis rat. Credit: Charles River Laboratories.

The findings demonstrate a statistically systematic change from the status quo or the control group.

“In the design of experiments, treatments [or special properties or characteristics] are applied to [or observed in] experimental units in the treatment group(s).[2] In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.[3]"[4]

Proof of concept

Def. a “short and/or incomplete realization of a certain method or idea to demonstrate its feasibility"[5] is called a proof of concept.

Def. evidence that demonstrates that a concept is possible is called proof of concept.

The proof-of-concept structure consists of

  1. background,
  2. procedures,
  3. findings, and
  4. interpretation.[6]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "universal, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. November 22, 2013. Retrieved 2013-12-04.
  2. ↑ Klaus Hinkelmann, Oscar Kempthorne (2008). Design and Analysis of Experiments, Volume I: Introduction to Experimental Design (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-72756-9. http://books.google.com/?id=T3wWj2kVYZgC&printsec=frontcover.
  3. ↑ R. A. Bailey (2008). Design of comparative experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9. http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521683579.
  4. ↑ "Treatment and control groups, In: Wikipedia". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. May 18, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  5. ↑ "proof of concept, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. November 10, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  6. ↑ Ginger Lehrman and Ian B Hogue, Sarah Palmer, Cheryl Jennings, Celsa A Spina, Ann Wiegand, Alan L Landay, Robert W Coombs, Douglas D Richman, John W Mellors, John M Coffin, Ronald J Bosch, David M Margolis (August 13, 2005). "Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study". Lancet 366 (9485): 549-55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67098-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1894952/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.

External links

This is a research project at http://en.wikiversity.org

Development status: this resource is experimental in nature.
Educational level: this is a research resource.
Resource type: this resource is an article.
Resource type: this resource contains a lecture or lecture notes.
Subject classification: this is an Anthropology resource.
Subject classification: this is a linguistics resource.
This article is issued from Wikiversity - version of the Friday, February 12, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.