The periodic table/Samarium

< The periodic table

The element of Samarium

Subject classification: this is a chemistry resource .

Completion status: Almost complete, but you can help make it more thorough.

Educational level: this is a research resource.

Resource type: this resource is an article.

Completion status: this resource is ~90% complete.

Discovery

It was discovered by chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran isolated a samarium salt in 1879, in Paris.
First, Boisbaudran extracted ‘didymium’ from the mineral samarskite and made a solution of ‘didymium’ nitrate. He then added ammonium hydroxide and found two precipitates were formed; one containing ‘didymium’ and the other a new element – samarium.
The new element samarium was named after the mineral samarskite in which it had been found.

Quick Facts

Name: Samarium

Symbol: Sm

Mass: 150.36

Classification: Lanthanides

Protons: 62

Electrons: 62

Neutrons: 88

Color: silvery-white

Discovered in: 1879

Electron Configuration: Xe 4f6 6s2

CAS Number: 7440-19-9

Appearance: silvery-white metal

Key Isotopes: 152Sm

Allotropes: α-samarium, β-samarium, γ-samarium

Density: 7.54 grams per cubic centimeter

Crystal Structure: rhombohedral

Melting Point: 1,074°C

Boiling Point: 1,794°C

Atomic Data

Atomic radius: 229 pm

Covalent radius: 198 pm

Electronegativity: 1.17

Electron affinity: 0.162 (theoretical)

Ionisation energies

First: 1st: 544.5 kJ/mol

Second: 2nd: 1070 kJ/mol

Third: 3rd: 2260 kJ/mol

Supply Risk

Relative supply risk: 9.5

Crustal abundance: 0.3 ppm

Recycling rate: <10%

Substitutability: High

Production concentration: 97%

Reserve distribution: 50%

Oxidation States and Isotopes

Common oxidation states: 3, 2

Isotopes

Isotope	Atomic mass	Abundance (%)
¹⁴⁴Sm	143.912	3.07
¹⁴⁷Sm	146.915	14.99
¹⁴⁸Sm	147.915	11.24
¹⁴⁹Sm	148.917	13.82
¹⁵⁰Sm	147.915	11.24
¹⁴⁸Sm	147.915	11.24
¹⁴⁸Sm	147.915	11.24

External Links

"Discovery of Samarium"

Search for Samarium on Wikipedia.

This article is issued from Wikiversity - version of the Saturday, April 02, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.