Survey research and design in psychology/Lectures/Correlation

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Lecture 4: Correlation

Resource type: this resource contains a lecture or lecture notes.

This is the fourth lecture for the Survey research and design in psychology unit of study.

Outline

This lecture overviews non-parametric and parametric approaches to (bivariate) measures of association (dependence), i.e., correlational statistics and graphing. The lecture is accompanied by a computer-based tutorial.

This lecture explains:

  1. The purpose of correlation (what types of question(s) are we trying to answer?)
  2. Nature of covariation (what does it mean if two variables covary or “vary together”?)
  3. Correlational analyses
    1. Types of answers – What can we conclude?
    2. Types of correlation – Selecting appropriate correlations and graphs based on the variables' level of measurement
    3. Interpretation – of correlational relations and graphs
  4. Assumptions and Limitations
  5. Dealing with several correlations

The lecture resources include presentation slides, audio and video recordings, and additional notes.

Slides

Readings

  1. Howitt and Cramer (2011a):
    1. Chapter 06: Relationships between two or more variables: Diagrams and tables (pp. 59-67)
    2. Chapter 07: Correlation coefficients: Pearson correlation and Spearman’s rho (pp. 68-85)
    3. Chapter 10: Statistical significance for the correlation coefficient: A practical introduction to statistical inference (pp. 106-117)
    4. Chapter 14: Chi-square: Differences between samples of frequency data (pp. 152-170)
  2. Howitt and Cramer (2014a):
    1. Chapter 07: Relationships between two or more variables: Diagrams and tables (pp. 86-97
    2. Chapter 08: Correlation coefficients: Pearson correlation and Spearman’s rho (pp. 98-119)
    3. Chapter 09: Statistical significance for the correlation coefficient: A practical introduction to statistical inference (pp. 120-132)
    4. Chapter 15: Chi-square: Differences between samples of frequency data (pp. 196-217)

See also

External links

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