Radiation astronomy/Positrons/Quiz

< Radiation astronomy < Positrons
This is a high-energy gamma radiation allsky image about the Earth, taken from Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope on the NASA’s Compton Gamma Ray Observatory satellite. Credit: United States Department of Energy.

Positron astronomy is a lecture and an article as part of the astronomy course on the principles of radiation astronomy.

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Quiz

Point added for a correct answer:   
Points for a wrong answer:
Ignore the questions' coefficients:

1. True or False, Any clumpiness in the galactic halo is through a spatially continuous elevation in the density of dark matter, rather than the more realistic discrete distribution of clumps.

TRUE
FALSE

2. Complete the text:

Match up the item letter with each of the possibilities below:
Meteors - A
Cosmic rays - B
Neutrons - C
Protons - D
Electrons - E
Positrons - F
Gamma rays - G
Superluminals - H
X-ray jets
the index of refraction is often greater than 1 just below a resonance frequency .
iron, nickel, cobalt, and traces of iridium .
Sagittarius X-1 .
escape from a typical hard low-mass X-ray binary .
collisions with argon atoms .
X-rays are emitted as they slow down .
Henry Moseley using X-ray spectra .

3. True or False, By crossing symmetry an elastic scattering cross section with a nucleon implies annihilation of dark matter (DM) into hadrons inside the halo, resulting in an anti-proton flux that could be constrained by data from the PAMELA collaboration if one includes a large boost factor necessary to explain the PAMELA excess in the positron fraction.

TRUE
FALSE

4. Complete the text:

Match up the radiation letter with each of the detector possibilities below:
Meteors - A
Cosmic rays - B
Neutrons - C
Protons - D
Electrons - E
Positrons - F
Neutrinos - G
Muons - H
Gamma rays - I
X-rays - J
Ultraviolet rays - K
Optical rays - L
Visual rays - M
Violet rays - N
Blue rays - O
Cyan rays - P
Green rays - Q
Yellow rays - R
Orange rays - S
Red rays - T
Infrared rays - U
Submillimeter rays - V
Radio rays - W
Superluminal rays - X
multialkali (Na-K-Sb-Cs) photocathode materials .
F547M .
511 keV gamma-ray peak .
F675W .
broad-band filter centered at 404 nm .
a cloud chamber .
ring-imaging Cherenkov .
coherers .
effective area is larger by 104 .
F588N .
pyroelectrics .
a blemish about 8,000 km long .
a metal-mesh achromatic half-wave plate .
coated with lithium fluoride over aluminum .
thallium bromide (TlBr) crystals .
F606W .
aluminum nitride .
heavy water .
18 micrometers FWHM at 490 nm .
wide-gap II-VI semiconductor ZnO doped with Co2+ (Zn1-xCoxO) .
a recoiling nucleus
high-purity germanium .
magnetic deflection to separate out incoming ions .
2.2-kilogauss magnet used to sweep out electrons .

5. True or False, A quantum number that depends upon the relative number of strange quarks and anti-strange quarks is called a quarkness.

TRUE
FALSE

6. When the Earth is viewed from space using X-ray astronomy what characteristic is readily observed?

the magnetic north pole
the Hudson Bay meteorite crater
the South Atlantic Anomaly
the Bermuda Triangle
solar positron events
electrons striking the ionosphere

7. Which of the following is not characteristic of a neutrino?

neutrinos are affected by the weak nuclear force
produced by a positron annihilating an electron
a decay product of a neutron
produced by the near surface fusion on the Sun
may have a mass
comes in mutable varieties

8. True or False, An antimatter equivalent of an electron having the same charge but a positive mass is called a positron.

TRUE
FALSE

9. Complete the text:

Match up the item letter with each of the first astronomical source possibilities below:
Meteors - A
Cosmic rays - B
Neutrons - C
Protons - D
Electrons - E
Positrons - F
Gamma rays - G
Superluminals - H
cosmic rays
galactic nuclei .
comets .
electron-positron annihilation .
weak force nuclear decay .
AGNs .
511 keV photon pair production .
solar wind .

10. True or False, An antimatter equivalent of a positron having the same mass but a positive charge is called an electron.

TRUE
FALSE

11. Which of the following are characteristic of a β+ decay?

a mu neutrino
a positron emission
a decay product of a neutron
weak interaction
an electron neutrino
comes in mutable varieties

12. True or False, A positron under suitable conditions could be separated into a chargon and a spinon.

TRUE
FALSE

13. Which of the following are characteristic of positronium?

an exotic atom
a nucleus of neutronium
a decay product of a neutron
a weak interaction
an eletromagnetic interaction
a center of mass

14. True or False, If a positive chargon and a negative chargon interact, a gamma ray without a wavelength results.

TRUE
FALSE

Your score is 0 / 0

Research

Hypothesis:

  1. Positrons, especially those traveling at very close to light speed, are directly detectable.

Control groups

This is an image of a Lewis rat. Credit: Charles River Laboratories.

The findings demonstrate a statistically systematic change from the status quo or the control group.

“In the design of experiments, treatments [or special properties or characteristics] are applied to [or observed in] experimental units in the treatment group(s).[1] In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.[2]"[3]

Proof of concept

Def. a “short and/or incomplete realization of a certain method or idea to demonstrate its feasibility"[4] is called a proof of concept.

Def. evidence that demonstrates that a concept is possible is called proof of concept.

The proof-of-concept structure consists of

  1. background,
  2. procedures,
  3. findings, and
  4. interpretation.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Klaus Hinkelmann, Oscar Kempthorne (2008). Design and Analysis of Experiments, Volume I: Introduction to Experimental Design (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-72756-9. http://books.google.com/?id=T3wWj2kVYZgC&printsec=frontcover.
  2. ↑ R. A. Bailey (2008). Design of comparative experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9. http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521683579.
  3. ↑ "Treatment and control groups, In: Wikipedia". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. May 18, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  4. ↑ "proof of concept, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. November 10, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  5. ↑ Ginger Lehrman and Ian B Hogue, Sarah Palmer, Cheryl Jennings, Celsa A Spina, Ann Wiegand, Alan L Landay, Robert W Coombs, Douglas D Richman, John W Mellors, John M Coffin, Ronald J Bosch, David M Margolis (August 13, 2005). "Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study". Lancet 366 (9485): 549-55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67098-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1894952/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.

External links

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Development status: this resource is experimental in nature.
Educational level: this is a research resource.
Resource type: this resource is a quiz.
Subject classification: this is an astronomy resource.
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