Parapsychology/Sources/Radin

This page is based on a list I created on my personal web site. I placed it on Wikiversity and it is now linked to the Parapsychology page on this site. This material includes some of my personal opinions, and those of others, along with lists of relevant articles, mostly found in peer-reviewed journals. --DeanRadin (discuss • contribs) 19:23, 25 May 2014 (UTC)

The international professional organization for scientists and scholars interested in psychic phenomena (often abbreviated as "psi", which is not an acronym, just a letter of the Greek alphabet) is the Parapsychological Association, an elected affiliate (since 1969) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

The bibliography below is a subset of peer-reviewed journal articles reporting studies of psychic phenomena, mostly published in the 21st century. There are also some important papers of historical interest. A comprehensive list would run into thousands of articles, however, this list will provide sources covering major historical items of interest up to the present.

This is not a tendentious list. As such, it incorporates articles and essays both favorable and critical to parapsychology. Many of the critiques have been helpful in improving experimental methodologies, from the earlier periods of investigation to more recent times. However, other critiques have introduced persistent distortions into the historical record.

For example, skeptical sociologist Marcello Truzzi wrote critiques of some of the most prominent critics, including C.E.M. Hansel (see Zetetic Scholar, 7, p. 5) and James Randi (Zetetic Scholar, 12/13, pp. 73-98). In earlier times, Walter Franklin Prince wrote about errors and distortions he found in the writings of the most prominent critics of his day (in e.g. The Enchanted Boundary: Being a Survey of Negative Reactions to Claims of Psychic Phenomena, 1820-1930). In 1985, Irv Child, a Yale University psychologist, also wrote about distortions about this work that appeared in psychology textbooks. Such differences in original reports and how those reports are later described by critics suggests that this field, like any controversial topic, carries with it deep metaphysical and psychological challenges. The historical reaction to the field is in many ways a sociological issue.

Fraud has often been associated with "the paranormal," especially as it is portrayed in popular media and when it comes to the behavior of con artists who prey on the vulnerable. But fraud among investigators of parapsychological phenomena has been rare, and the few cases of fraud discovered in experimental work has been brought to light by parapsychologists themselves.

Critiques commonly asserted about parapsychology, such as “these phenomena are impossible,” or “there’s no valid scientific evidence,” or “the results are all due to fraud,” have been vigorously debated for over a century. Despite such claims, positive experimental evidence has accumulated and it continues to be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Most of the meaningful debates about these phenomena revolve around about interpretation and adequacy of the evidence, providing clearer definitions of the nature of "psi," and how to best understand these phenomena from a scientific perspective.

In 1995, a Parapsychology/FAQ was written by an ad hoc committee of parapsychologists, most of whom were members of the Parapsychological Association. The FAQ was placed online and has since been developed and revised several times. It is useful in answering many questions commonly asked about parapsychology.

The following list is mostly of peer-reviewed articles, or other links to item specific books and other articles of interest:

General Overviews & Critiques

McLuhan (no date). Fraud in psi research.

Topics of historical interest

Lang (1909). The Making of Religion.

Wallace (1870). An Answer to the Arguments of Hume, Lecky, and Others, Against Miracles.

Wallace (1898). The Opposition to Hypnotism and Psychical Research.

Leigh (1969). Review of "Abnormal Hypnotic Phenomena" ed. by Eric J. Dingwall.

Medhurst & Goldney (1964). William Crookes and the physical phenomena of mediumship.

Medhurst (1965). Further Light on the Anderson Testimony

Sommer (2011). Professional Heresy: Edmund Gurney (1847–88) and the Study of Hallucinations and Hypnotism.

Sommer (2011). Review of "Immortal Longings: F.W.H. Myers and the Victorian Search for Life after Death" by Trevor Hamilton

Sommer (2012). Policing Epistemic Deviance: Albert von Schrenck-Notzing and Albert Moll.

Funk (1911). The Widow's Mite and Other Psychic Phenomena.

Carrington (1920). The Physical Phenomena of Spiritualism: The Fraudulent and the Genuine.

Dingwall & Price (1922). Revelations of a Spirit Medium.

Richet (1922). Traité de métapsychique.

Inglis (1983). Review of "The Spiritualists. The Passion for the Occult in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries" by Ruth Brandon.

Alvarado (1985). Review of "Science and Parascience: A History of the Paranormal from 1914-1939" by Brian Inglis.

Randall (2002). Harry Price: The Case for the Defence.

Rhine (1940/1966). ESP After 60 Years.

Price (1955). Science and the Supernatural.

Broad (1962). Lectures on Psychical Research.

Dingwall (1971). The Need for Responsibility in Parapsychology: My Sixty Years in Psychical Research.

Child (1985). Psychology and anomalous observations: The question of ESP in dreams

Hansen (1990). Deception by Subjects in Psi Research.

Hansen (1992). The Research With B.D. And The Legacy Of Magical Ignorance.

Topics of modern interest

Rao & Palmer (1987). The anomaly called psi: Recent research and criticism.

Palmer, Honorton, & Utts (1988). Reply to the National Research Council Study on Parapsychology.

Hansen (1990). Magicians Who Endorsed Psychic Phenomena.

Bauer & Lacadou (1991). A strawman called “psi”—Or: What is Professor Bunge afraid of?

Hansen (1992). CSICOP and the Skeptics: An Overview. (covers, among other things, misleading statements by James Randi regarding the Targ-Puthoff/Geller experiments)

Utts (1995). An Assessment of the Evidence for Psychic Functioning.

Hyman (1995). Evaluation of a Program on Anomalous Mental Phenomena.

Utts (1996). Response to Ray Hyman's Report

May (1996). The American Institutes for Research Review of the Department of Defense's STAR GATE Program: A Commentary

Mishlove (1997). Extrasensory Perception (ESP)

Mishlove (1997). Psychokinesis (discusses controversies with PEAR RNG-PK experiments, etc)

Radin (1997). A Field guide to Skepticism.

Josephson (1999). Unfounded criticism of a parapsychology book in Nature.

Wiseman & Milton (1999). Experiment One of the SAIC Remote Viewing Program: A critical reevaluation

Hansen (2002). Review of "QUANTUM LEAPS IN THE WRONG DIRECTION" by Charles M. Wynn and Arthur W. Wiggins.

Alcock (2003). Give the null hypothesis a chance.

Parker & Brusewitz (2003). A compendium of the evidence for psi.

Zingrone (2006). From Text to Self: The Interplay of Criticism and Response in the History of Parapsychology.

Topics of contemporary interest

French (2008). Is Parapsychology a Pseudoscience?

Smith (2009). Is Physicalism "Really" True? (overviews remote viewing controversies, among other things)

Carter (2010). "Heads I lose, tails you win", or, how Richard Wiseman Nullifies Positive Results, and what to do about it.

Derakhshani (2011). An alternative take on ESP.

Schwartz (2011). The Antique Roadshow: How Denier Movements Debunk Evolution, Climate Change, and Nonlocal Consciousness

Pigliucci (2012). On Parapsychology.

Dossey (2013). Unbroken Wholeness: The Emerging View of Human Interconnection

Cardeña (2014). A call for an open, informed study of all aspects of consciousness.

Articles related to telepathy (mind-to-mind communication) and clairvoyance (perception of events beyond the normal physical senses)

Lang (1909). The maid of France; being the story of the life and death of Jeanne d'Arc.

Dingwall (1922). An Experiment With the Polish Medium Stephan Ossowiecki.

Bender (1938). The Case of Ilga K: Report of a Phenomenon of Unusual Perception.

Targ & Puthoff (1974). Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding.

Puthoff & Targ (1976). A perceptual channel for information transfer over kilometer distance: Historical perspective and recent research

Eisenberg & Donderi (1979). Telepathic transfer of emotional information in humans.

Child (1985). Psychology and anomalous observations: The question of ESP in dreams

Sherwood & Roe (2003). A Review of Dream ESP Studies Conducted Since the Maimonides Dream ESP Programme

Smith (2013). Can Healthy, Young Adults Uncover Personal Details Of Unknown Target Individuals In Their Dreams?

Hansen, Utts, & Markwick (1992). Critique of the PEAR Remote Viewing Experiments

Dobyne, Dunne, Jahn, & Nelson (1992). Response to Hansen, Utts, and Markwick: Statistical and Methodological Problems of the PEAR Remote Viewing (sic) Experiments.

Bem & Honorton (1994). Does psi exist?

Hyman (1994). Anomaly or artifact? Comments on Bem and Honorton

Bem (1994). Response to Hyman

Milton & Wiseman (1999). Does Psi Exist? Lack of Replication of an Anomalous Process of Information Transfer

Sheldrake & Smart (2000). Testing a return-anticipating dog, Kane.

Sheldrake & Smart (2000). A dog that seems to know when his owner to coming home: Videotaped experiments and observations.

Storm & Ertel (2001). Does Psi Exist? Comments on Milton and Wiseman's (1999) Meta-Analysis of Ganzfeld Research

Milton & Wiseman (2001). Does Psi Exist? Reply to Storm and Ertel (2001)

Bem, Palmer, & Broughton (2001). Updating the Ganzfeld Database: A Victim of its own Success?

Sheldrake & Morgana (2003). Testing a language-using parrot for telepathy.

Sheldrake & Smart (2003). Videotaped experiments on telephone telepathy.

Delgado-Romero & Howard (2005). Finding and Correcting Flawed Research Literatures

Hastings (2007). Comment on Delgado-Romero and Howard

Radin (2007). Finding Or Imagining Flawed Research?

Tressoldi, Storm, & Radin (2010). Extrasensory Perception and Quantum Models of Cognition

Storm et al (2010). Meta-Analysis of Free-Response Studies, 1992–2008: Assessing the Noise Reduction Model in Parapsychology

Storm et al (2010). A Meta-Analysis With Nothing to Hide: Reply to Hyman (2010)

Tressoldi (2011). Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence: the case of non-local perception, a classical and Bayesian review of evidences

Tressoldi et al (2011). Mental Connection at Distance: Useful for Solving Difficult Tasks?

Williams (2011). Revisiting the Ganzfeld ESP Debate: A Basic Review and Assessment

Rouder et al (2013). A Bayes Factor Meta-Analysis of Recent Extrasensory Perception Experiments: Comment on Storm, Tressoldi, and Di Risio (2010)

Storm et al (2013). Testing the Storm et al. (2010) Meta-Analysis Using Bayesian and Frequentist Approaches: Reply to Rouder et al. (2013)

Distant intentional healing, including intercessory prayer

Astin et al (2000). The Efficacy of “Distant Healing”: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials

Bengston (2000). The Effect of the 'Laying On of Hands' on Transplanted Breast Cancer in Mice

Leibovici (2001). Effects of remote, retroactive intercessory prayer on outcomes in patients with bloodstream infection: randomised controlled trial

Krucoff et al (2001).Integrative noetic therapies as adjuncts to percutaneous intervention during unstable coronary syndromes: Monitoring and Actualization of Noetic Training (MANTRA) feasibility pilot

Radin et al (2004). Possible effects of healing intention on cell cultures and truly random events.

Krucoff et al (2005). Music, imagery, touch, and prayer as adjuncts to interventional cardiac care: the Monitoring and Actualisation of Noetic Trainings (MANTRA) II randomised study

Benson et al (2006). Study of the therapeutic effects of intercessory prayer (STEP) in cardiac bypass patients

Masters & Spielmans (2007). Prayer and Health: Review, Meta-Analysis, and Research Agenda

Radin et al (2008). Compassionate intention as a therapeutic intervention by partners of cancer patients: Effects of distant intention on the patients’ autonomic nervous system.

Schlitz et al (2012). Distant healing of surgical wounds: An exploratory study.

Physiological influences at a distance, including distant EEG correlations

Duane & Behrendt (1965). Extrasensory electroencephalographic induction between identical twins.

Grinberg-Zylberbaum et al (1994). The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox in the Brain: The transferred potential

Wiseman & Schlitz (1997). Experimenter effects and the remote detection of staring.

Standish et al (2003). Evidence of correlated functional magnetic resonance imaging signals between distant human brains.

Wackermann et al (2003). Correlations between brain electrical activities of two spatially separated human subjects

Schmidt et al (2004). Distant intentionality and the feeling of being stared at: Two meta-analyses

Radin (2004). Event related EEG correlations between isolated human subjects.

Standish et al (2004). Electroencephalographic evidence of correlated event-related signals between the brains of spatially and sensory isolated human subjects

Richards et al (2005). Replicable functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence of correlated brain signals between physically and sensory isolated subjects.

Achterberg et al (2005). Evidence for correlations between distant intentionality and brain function in recipients: A functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis

Radin (2005). The sense of being stared at: A preliminary meta-analysis.

Radin & Schlitz (2005). Gut feelings, intuition, and emotions: An exploratory study.

Schlitz et al (2006). Of two minds: Skeptic-proponent collaboration within parapsychology.

Moulton & Kosslyn (2008). Using neuroimaging to resolve the psi debate.

Ambach (2008). Correlations between the EEGs of two spatially separated subjects − a replication study.

Hinterberger (2010). Searching for neuronal markers of psi: A summary of three studies measuring electrophysiology in distant participants.

Schmidt (2012). Can we help just by good intentions? A meta-analysis of experiments on distant intention effects

Jensen & Parker (2012). Entangled in the womb? A pilot study on the possible physiological connectedness between identical twins with different embryonic backgrounds.

Parker & Jensen (2013). Further possible physiological connectedness between identical twins: The London study.

Survival of consciousness after bodily death, including mediumship studies

Myers (1903). Human Personality and Its Survival of Bodily Death.

Gauld (1968). Critics of Mrs. Piper.

Hyslop (1905). Science and a Future Life.

Hyslop (1910). President G. Stanley Hall's and Dr. Amy E. Tanner's Studies in Spiritism.

Dingwall & Langdon-Davies (1956). Mental Mediums and Survival.

Ducasse (1961). A Critical Examination of the Belief in a Life After Death

Smith (1964). The Mediumship of Mrs. Leonard.

Gauld (1982). Mediumship and Survival: A Century of Investigations.

Almeder (1997). A Critique of Arguments Offered Against Reincarnation

Ring & Cooper (1998). Near-Death and Out-of-Body Experiences in the Blind: A Study of Apparent Eyeless Vision.

van Lommel et al (2001). Near-death experience in survivors of cardiac arrest: a prospective study in the Netherlands.

van Lommel (2003). Open Letter to Michael Shermer

van Lommel (2006). Near-death experience, consciousness, and the brain.

Beischel & Schwartz (2007). Anomalous information reception by research mediums demonstrated using a novel triple-blind protocol

Greyson (2010). Seeing dead people not known to have died: “Peak in Darien” experiences.

Kelly (2010). Some directions for mediumship research.

Kelly & Arcangel (2011). An investigation of mediums who claim to give information about deceased persons.

Nahm et al (2011). Terminal lucidity: A review and a case collection.

Facco & Agrillo (2012). Near-death experiences between science and prejudice.

Matlock (2012). Bibliography of reincarnation resources online (articles and books, all downloadable)

Retrocognition, or perception of past events

Patel (2004). Deep-Sea Volcanoes and Their Associated Hydrothermal Vents, Historical Notes.

Patel (2004). Who Really Discovered Deep-Sea Volcanoes?

Patel (2005). Who Were the Earliest Scholars of Submarine Volcanoes and Their Submerged Hydrothermal Vents?

Precognition and presentiment, or perception of future events

Honorton & Ferrari (1989). “Future telling”: A meta-analysis of forced-choice precognition experiments, 1935-1987

Spottiswoode & May (2003). Skin Conductance Prestimulus Response: Analyses, Artifacts and a Pilot Study

Radin (2004). Electrodermal presentiments of future emotions.

McCraty et al (2004). Electrophysiological Evidence of Intuition: Part 1. The Surprising Role of the Heart

McCraty et al (2004). Electrophysiological Evidence of Intuition: Part 2. A System-Wide Process?

Radin & Lobach (2007). Toward understanding the placebo effect: Investigating a possible retrocausal factor.

Radin & Borges (2009). Intuition through time: What does the seer see?

Bem (2011). Feeling the Future: Experimental Evidence for Anomalous Retroactive Influences on Cognition and Affect

Bem et al (2011). Must Psychologists Change the Way They Analyze Their Data?

Bierman (2011). Anomalous Switching of the Bi-Stable Percept of a Necker Cube: A Preliminary Study

Radin et al (2011). Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and non-meditators.

Radin (2011). Predicting the Unpredictable: 75 Years of Experimental Evidence

Tressoldi et al (2011). Let Your Eyes Predict : Prediction Accuracy of Pupillary Responses to Random Alerting and Neutral Sounds

Galek et al (2012). Correcting the Past: Failures to Replicate Psi

Mossbridge et al (2012). Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: a meta-analysis

Mind-matter interaction

Historical evidence

Schoch (2012). Mysteries, Miracles, & Parapsychology

Dingwall (1953). Psychological Problems Arising from a Report of Telekinesis.

Zorab (1971). Were D. D. Home’s ‘spirit hands” ever fraudulently produced?

Merrifield (1885/1971). Merrifield’s report (on D. D. Home)

Myers and Barrett (1889). Review of "DD Home: His Life and Mission", with appendices offering additional evidence.

Myers (1890). Review of "The Gift of DD Home".

Dingwall (1985). Review of "The Shadow and the Light: A Defence of Daniel Dunglas Home, the Medium" by Elizabeth Jenkens

Braude (1985). Review of "The enigma of Daniel Home" by Trevor Hall.

Barrington (1994). Review of "The Sorcerer of Kings: The Case of Daniel Dunglas Home and William Crookes" by Gordon Stein

Beloff (1994). Review of "The Sorcerer of Kings: The Case of Daniel Dunglas Home and William Crookes" by Gordon Stein.

Crookes (1874 & 1889-1890), Medhurst, Goldney, & Barrington (1972). Crookes and the Spirit World.

Maxwell (1905). Metapsychical Phenomena.

Carrington (1909). Eusapia Palladino and Her Phenomena.

Braude (1997). Richard Wiseman's Critique of the Feilding Report Refuted.

Polidoro & Rinaldi (1998). Eusapia's Sapient Foot - A New Consideration Of The Feilding Report

Fontana (1998). Polidoro And Rinaldi- No Match For Palladino And The Feilding Report

Martínez-Taboas (1999). Some Critical Comments On The Thesis Of Eusapias Salient Foot.

Sommer (2012). Psychical research and the origins of American psychology: Hugo Münsterberg, William James and Eusapia Palladino

Tillyard (1926). Science and Psychical Research

Price (1939). Stella C.

(Various) (no date). Harry Price & Stella Cranshaw - The 'Electric Girl'

Gregory (1977). Anatomy of a Fraud.

Harrison (1987). Harry Price and the Rudi Schneider Phenomena.

Contemporary evidence

Jahn (1982). The persistent paradox of psychic phenomena: An engineering perspective.

Schmidt (1987). The strange properties of psychokinesis.

Radin & Nelson (1989). Evidence for consciousness-related anomalies in random physical systems

Schmidt (1990). Correlation between mental processes and external random events

Radin & Ferrari (1991). Effects of consciousness on the fall of dice: A meta-analysis

Jahn et al (1997). Correlations of Random Binary Sequences with Pre-Stated Operator Intention: A Review of a 12-Year Program.

Nelson et al (2002). Correlations of continuous random data with major world events.

Crawford et al (2003). Alterations in Random Event Measures Associated with a Healing Practice

Freedman et al (2003). Effects of Frontal Lobe Lesions on Intentionality and Random Physical Phenomena

Bierman (2004). Does consciousness collapse the wave function?

Jahn & Dunne (2005). The PEAR Proposition.

Bosch et al (2006). Examining Psychokinesis: The Interaction of Human Intention With Random Number Generators—A Meta-Analysis

Radin et al (2006). Reexamining psychokinesis: Commentary on the Bösch, Steinkamp and Boller meta-analysis.

Radin et al (2006). Assessing the Evidence for Mind-Matter Interaction Effects

Radin (2006). Experiments testing models of mind-matter interaction.

Radin. (2008). Testing nonlocal observation as a source of intuitive knowledge.

Nelson & Bancel (2011). Effects of mass consciousness: Changes in random data during global events.

Radin et al (2012). Consciousness and the double-slit interference pattern: Six experiments

Shiah & Radin (2013). Metaphysics of the tea ceremony: A randomized trial investigating the roles of intention and belief on mood while drinking tea.

Radin et al (2013). Psychophysical interactions with a double-slit interference pattern

Theoretical models

Josephson & Pallikari-Viras (1991). Biological Utilisation of Quantum NonLocality

May et al (1995). Decision augmentation theory: Towards a model of anomalous mental phenomena

Houtkooper (2002). Arguing for an Observational Theory of Paranormal Phenomena

Bierman (2003). Does Consciousness Collapse the Wave-Packet?

Dunne & Jahn (2005). Consciousness, information, and living systems

Henry (2005). The mental universe

Hiley & Pylkkanen (2005). Can Mind Affect Matter Via Active Information?

Lucadou et al (2007). Synchronistic Phenomena as Entanglement Correlations in Generalized Quantum Theory

Rietdijk (2007). Four-Dimensional Physics, Nonlocal Coherence, and Paranormal Phenomena

Bierman (2010). Consciousness induced restoration of time symmetry (CIRTS ): A psychophysical theoretical perspective

Tressoldi et al (2010). Extrasensory perception and quantum models of cognition.

Tressoldi (2012). Replication unreliability in psychology: elusive phenomena or “elusive” statistical power?

Potential applications

Carpenter (2011). Laboratory psi effects may be put to practical use: Two pilot studies

Schwartz (1980/2000). Location and reconstruction of a Byzantine structure … [by remote viewing]