Motivation and emotion/Tutorials/Individual emotions

Tutorial 5: Individual emotions

Resource type: this resource contains a tutorial or tutorial notes.

This is the fifth tutorial for the Motivation and emotion unit of study.

Overview

This tutorial is about individual emotions and time perspective.

Individual emotions

1. Handout: 20 Individual Emotions Test
2. What are the three categories of emotion? (see Slide 3 of Lecture 09)
   1. Basic (7)
   2. Self-conscious (5)
   3. Cognitively complex (8)
3. What is the difference between shame and guilt?
   1. Guilt is private
   2. Shame is public
4. What are the two types of envy?
   1. Benign envy focuses on self-improvement
   2. Malicious envy focuses on undermining another
5. What are the different causes and consequences of disappointment and regret?
   1. Disappointment involves not perceiving that one's behaviour could have been different
   2. Regret involves perceiving that one's behaviour could have been different and is stronger
6. What are the two aspects of pride?
   1. Authentic (based on actual achievements)
   2. Narcissistic (based on a desire to be better/more dominant than others)
7. What is the difference between empathy and compassion?
   1. Empathy mirrors the feelings of another
   2. Compassion involves action to help another
8. What are the two aspects of gratitude?
   1. If the receiver focuses on what was received (e.g., $50), then the receiver may feel indebted to repay, leading to an exchange-based relationship
   2. If the receiver focuses on the giver (e.g., a friend), then the receiver may feel cared for and loved, leading to a communal relationship
9. What is the opposite of hope?
   1. Fear

Time perspective

• Self-test online: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (56/61 items).
  • Note that the display of the graph at the end does not work
  • Compare your scores with the 'optimal' profile
• Watch and discuss video: Philip Zimbardo prescribes a healthy take on time (Philip Zimbardo, 6:31 min, TED talk, 2009)
• Time perspective dimensions:
  • Past Negative (M = 3.00)
  • Past Positive (M = 3.22)
  • Present Fatalism (M = 3.22)
  • Present Hedonism (M = 2.33)
  • Future (M = 3.69)
  • Transcendental Future
• Zimbardo:
  • The best profile to have is a blend of:
    • high past-positive (like your past)
    • moderate level of selected present hedonism (choose when to select pleasure in the present)
    • moderately high future orientation (work for the future)
  • The worst time-perspective profile includes:
    • high past-negative.
    • high present fatalism
    • “These people are living in a negative past and think nothing they do can change it.”
• Zimbardo's two books on this topic are:
  • "The Time Paradox"
  • "The Time Cure"

Readings

• Chapter 14: Individual emotions (Reeve, 2015)

Book chapter development

Q&A & Wikiblitz

• Class review - invite a list of outstanding questions about the chapters, write them up on the board, and address them
• Wiki-blitz: Last chance to do some live tutorial demos and fixes/enhancements - anyone want any live fixes performed by the tutor?
• Chapter checklist

See also

• Emotion (Previous tutorial)
• Growth psychology (Next tutorial)