Humanistic methods

"Assisting participants to take responsibility for their own lives and choices (Perls et al., 1951), to deepen authenticity (Bugental, 1989; Yalom, 1980), and to increase interpersonal awareness through dialogical therapy (Friedman, 1985) are all humanistic methods."[1]

Humanism

Def. an "ethical system that centers on humans and their values, needs, interests, abilities, dignity and freedom; especially used for a secular one which rejects theistic religion and superstition"[2] is called humanism.

Radiation

"The emergence of humanistic methods in the seventies reflected another dimension to a focus on the learner. Humanistic methods were those in which the following principles were considered important:

"[O]ver the last 30 years [1970s to 2000s] ... [each issue has changed to] what current beliefs and practices ... are. In the process we will also see hints of the transition from modernism (the rejection of prescription, authority, untested claims and assertions in favor [of] reason, empirical investigation and objectivity closely associated with the scientific method) to postmodernism (the rejection of modernism for failing to recognize the cultural relativity of all forms of knowledge, an emphasis on the autonomous individual, and the adoption of amoral stance against all forms of injustice)."[3]

"Now:"[3]

"Buzzwords"[3]

  • action research
  • alternative assessment
  • aptitude
  • authentic assessment
  • authentic texts
  • automatic processing
  • cognitive style
  • coherence
  • cohesion
  • competency-based assessment
  • composing processes
  • composition studies
  • conferences
  • connectionism
  • constructivism
  • contrastive rhetoric
  • creative construction hypothesis
  • critical friendship
  • critical theory
  • critical thinking
  • criterion referenced test
  • developmental sequence
  • discourse community
  • diversity
  • drafting
  • editing
  • empowerment
  • error analysis
  • explanations
  • extrinsic motivation
  • genre
  • genre approach
  • good learner
  • humanistic methods
  • ideology
  • indigenization
  • individual differences
  • individualization
  • individualized instruction
  • instrumental motivation
  • integrative motivation
  • interactional competence
  • interaction hypothesis
  • interlanguage
  • intrinsic motivation
  • journals
  • learner autonomy
  • learner-centeredness
  • learner diaries
  • learner strategies
  • learner training
  • learning strategies
  • long term memory
  • mentoring portfolios
  • metacognitive awareness
  • multiple intelligences
  • needs analysis
  • negotiation of meaning
  • norm-referenced
  • paragraph pattern approach
  • parameters
  • peer assessment
  • peer feed-back planning
  • performance assessment
  • political correctness
  • portfolio assessment
  • principles
  • prior knowledge
  • process
  • processing skills
  • proficiency
  • qualitative assessment
  • quantitative assessment
  • reflective teaching
  • schema
  • scripts
  • second language teacher education
  • self-access learning
  • self-assessment
  • self directed learning
  • short term memory
  • stakeholder
  • standard
  • strategy training
  • teacher decision-making
  • teacher development
  • teacher networks
  • teacher training
  • technical reading skills
  • text structure
  • text types
  • threshold microskills
  • topic sentence
  • transitions
  • writing supporting sentence
  • zone of proximal development

Communication

Individualization

Learning

Performance evaluations

Reading

Reasoning

Resources

Teaching

Undifferentiated

Values

Theoretical humanistic methods

Def. of "or pertaining to humanism"[4] is called humanistic.

Research

Hypothesis:

  1. Humanistic methods may differ from egalitarian methods.

Control groups

This is an image of a Lewis rat. Credit: Charles River Laboratories.

The findings demonstrate a statistically systematic change from the status quo or the control group.

“In the design of experiments, treatments [or special properties or characteristics] are applied to [or observed in] experimental units in the treatment group(s).[5] In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.[6]"[7]

Proof of concept

Def. a “short and/or incomplete realization of a certain method or idea to demonstrate its feasibility"[8] is called a proof of concept.

Def. evidence that demonstrates that a concept is possible is called proof of concept.

The proof-of-concept structure consists of

  1. background,
  2. procedures,
  3. findings, and
  4. interpretation.[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Stella Resnick, Arthur Warmoth, Ilene A. Serlin (Winter 2001). "The Humanistic Psychology and Positive Psychology Connection: Implications for Psychotherapy". Journal of Humanistic Psychology 41 (1): 73-101. doi:10.1177/0022167801411006. http://www.ce.mahidol.ac.th/multi-media../download/sp/sp182.pdf. Retrieved 2013-01-28.
  2. ↑ "humanism, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 2014-07-24.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Jack C Richards (2003). "30 Years of TEFL/TESL: A Personal Reflection". TEFLIN Journal: A publication on the teaching and learning of English 14 (1). http://journal.teflin.org/index.php/teflin/article/viewArticle/62. Retrieved 2013-01-28.
  4. ↑ "humanistic, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 2014-07-24.
  5. ↑ Klaus Hinkelmann, Oscar Kempthorne (2008). Design and Analysis of Experiments, Volume I: Introduction to Experimental Design (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-72756-9. http://books.google.com/?id=T3wWj2kVYZgC&printsec=frontcover.
  6. ↑ R. A. Bailey (2008). Design of comparative experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9. http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521683579.
  7. ↑ "Treatment and control groups, In: Wikipedia". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. May 18, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  8. ↑ "proof of concept, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. November 10, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  9. ↑ Ginger Lehrman and Ian B Hogue, Sarah Palmer, Cheryl Jennings, Celsa A Spina, Ann Wiegand, Alan L Landay, Robert W Coombs, Douglas D Richman, John W Mellors, John M Coffin, Ronald J Bosch, David M Margolis (August 13, 2005). "Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study". Lancet 366 (9485): 549-55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67098-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1894952/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.

External links

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