Egyptology/Old Kingdom monuments organized by ruler

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Khasekhemwy

Horus or Throne Name: Khasekhemwy (sometimes Khasekhem)

Nebty name: Khasekhemwy-Nebty
Golden Falcon name: --
Personal name: Nebwyhetepimyef
Reign: 27 years; 2611 - 2584 (Dodson)
Predecessor: unclear (possibly Peribsen)
Successor: Djoser
Wife: Queen Nimaathap
Children: Djoser, and possibly Hetephirnebty (Djoser's wife). [1]

Last king of the 2nd dynasty. A longer Horus and Seth version of his name appears and looks like this
The name Khasekhemwy Hotep-Netjerwi-imef means "the Two Powerful Ones Have Risen And The Two Lords Are At Peace Within Him". Inscriptions on statues of Khasekhemwy indicate that he may have reunited Ancient Egypt after a period of strife that may have started during the reign of Peribsen. The inscription on Khasekhemwy's statue claim that he killed more than 47,000 northerners in order to re-establish control over both Upper and Lower Egypt. Some Egyptologists think that Khasekhemwy's marriage to Queen Nimaathap may have been a diplomatic one and that she may have been from the North.

Eventually Khasekhemwy built large mudbrick structures at Hierakonpolis and Abydos. Those structures were undertaken on a large scale and included enclosure walls. Near Abydos, in Beit Khallaf, several large mastabas were constructed. Again some of these were on a monumental scale. It has been conjectured that the largest mastaba at Beit Khallaf may be the tomb of Queen Nimaathap, but this is not certain. The other mastabas may have belonged to courtiers or to members of the royal family.

Digitalegypt's page about the tomb

"The flattening operations also allowed us to examine a bit more of the free-standing structure, or chapel, within the Fort, first uncovered by Garstang and re-explored by us in 1999. The mud-brick funerary enclosures of the Early Dynastic kings at Abydos also contained similar mud-brick chapels in their interiors, which, like that in the Fort, were usually placed close to the east gateway and laid out with walls askew to the orientation of the main enclosure. Generally simple three-room structures, Khasekhemwy made his at Abydos a more complicated affair composed of more than 9 rooms. At Hierakonpolis, he also embellished his chapel, outfitting it with at least two red granite column bases[..]"
The early name of "Fort" is likely a misnomer. The structure may have been a temple or even a palace.

Interactive Dig in Hierakonpolis

Digitalegypt site with a plan of the fort

EgyptSites Beit Khallaf page A description of the site with photographs.

Djoser

Horus or Throne Name: Netjerikhet

Nebty name: Nebti Netjerikhet
Golden Falcon name: (Bik-)Nebu
Personal name: Djoser

Reign: 19 years; 2584 - 2565 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Khasekhemwy
Successor: Sanakht
Wife: Queen Hetephirnebty
Children: King's daughther Intkaes [1]
First King of the third dynasty. Famous for his pyramid complex in Saqqara.

Djoser is attested in


See also Djoser at Digitalegypt

Sanakht

Horus or Throne Name: Sanakht

Nebty name: --
Golden Falcon name: --
Personal name: Nebka
Reign: 9 years; 2565 - 2556 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Djoser
Successor: Sekhemkhet
Wife: NN
Children: NN [1]

EgyptSites page on Beit Khallaf

Sekhemkhet

Horus or Throne Name: Sekhemkhet

Nebty name: --
Golden Falcon name: --
Personal name: Djoser-Ti
Reign: 6 years; 2556 - 2550 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Sanakht
Successor: Khaba
Wife: Possibly queen Djesernebty-ankh or Djeseret-nebty (Stadelman and Helck - reading of the name is uncertain)
Children: NN [1]

Sekhemkhet page on digitalegypt

Khaba

Horus or Throne Name: Khaba

Nebty name: --
Golden Falcon name: --
Personal name: Teti? or Nebkare
Reign: 6 years; 2550 - 2544 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Sekhemkhet
Successor: Huni
Wife: NN
Children: NN [1]
Third dynasty king.

Khaba at Digital Egypt

Huni

Horus or Throne Name: Qahedjet?
Personal name: Huni

Reign: 24 years; 2544 - 2520 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Khaba
Successor: Snefru
Wives: Possibly Queen Djefatnebti;
Queen Meresankh I - the mother of Snefru - was a lesser wife of Huni
Children: Princess/Queen Hetepheres I and possibly Snefru [1]

Snefru

Horus or Throne Name: Nebmaet
Nebty name: Neb-maat-nebty
Golden Falcon name: Bik-nub
Personal name: Snefru (or Seneferu)

Reign: 50 years; 2520 - 2470 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Huni
Successor: Khufu
Wife: Queen Hetepheres I
Children: Khufu; Princes Ranefer, Kanefer, Akhhaf, Iynefer, Rahotep, Netjeraperef and Nefermaat;
Princess Merytiotes I, Nefertnesu, and Nefertkau [1]

Snefru was the first king of the fourth dynasty.


Snefru is mentioned on the Palermo stone as having conducted a campaign against Nubia.

Snefru at digitalegypt

Khufu

Horus or throne name: Medjedu
Nebty name: Nebty-r-medjed
Golden Falcon name: Bikwy-nub
Personal Name: (Khnum-)Khufu

Reign: 23 years; 2470 - 2447 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Snefru
Successor: Djedefre
Wife: Queen Meritites I, Queen Henutsen, Maybe Nefertkau was aQueen as well.
Children: Princes Kawab, Djedefre, Khafre, Hordjedef, Minkhaf, Babaef, Bauefre, Khufukhaf I, and Horbaef. Maybe Nefermaat II;
The Princesses Hetepheres II, Neferetiabet, Meritites II, and Meresankh II. [1]

Djedefre

Hetepheres II as a sphinx from Abu Rawash

Horus or throne name: Kheper
Nebty name: Kheper-em-nebty
Golden Falcon name: Biku-nub

Nomen: Djedefre


Reign: 8 years; 2447 - 2439 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Khufu
Successor: Setka? or maybe Baka?
Wife: Queen Hetepheres II and Queen Khentetka
Children: Princes Setka, Hornit, Baka, Nikaudjedefre and the Princesses Hetepheres and Neferhetepes. [1]

Djedefre at digitalegypt

Khafre

Horus or throne name: User-ib
Nebty name: User-em-nebty
Golden Falcon name: Netjer-nub-sekhem
Personal Name: Khafre

Reign: 23 years; 2437 - 2414 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Setka or Baka? Or possibly Djedefre?
Successor: Menkaure
Wife: Queen Meresankh III, Queen Meresankh II?, maybe Khamerernebty, Hekenuhedjet and Persenet were Queens as well.
Children: Princes Nebemakhet, Du(ae)nre, Niuserre(Neuserre), Khenterka, Ankhmare (Ankhemre), Iunmin, Iunre (Yunre), Menkaure, Sekhemkare, Nikaure, Akhre, and Babaf (Khnembaf in some publications)
The Princesses Shepseskau, Nubhotep, Rekhetre, Hemetre (?), and Khamernebty II. [1]

Khafre at digitalegypt

Menkaure

Horus or throne name: Ka-khet
Nebty name: Ka-nebty
Golden Falcon name: Netjeru-nub-netjery
Personal Name: Menkaure

Reign: 18 years; 2414 - 2396 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Khafre
Successor: Shepseskaf
Wife: Queen Khamerernebty II and possibly Queen Rekhetre (?)
Children: Princes Khuenre, Shepseskaf?, and Sekemre?; Possibly Khentkaues I? [1]

Menkaure at Digitalegypt

Shepseskaf

Horus or throne name: Shepses-khet
Nebty name: Shepses-nebty
Golden Falcon name: --
Personal Name: Shepseskaf

Reign: 4 years; 2396 - 2392 (Dodson)
Predecessor: Menkaure
Successor: Userkaf
Wife: Unknown, maybe Khentkaues I, maybe Bunefer
Children: -- [1]

Shepseskaf at Digitalegypt

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Aidan Dodson and Dyan Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt: A Genealogical Sourcebook of the Pharaohs, 2004, Thames & Hudson
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Porter and Moss, Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings; Part III; Pdf version downloaded from gizapyramids.org
  3. 1 2 3 The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt, Thames and Hudson, 2000
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