Dominant group/Medicine

< Dominant group
This is a painting by Samuel Luke Fildes of a doctor studying a patient. Credit: Samuel Luke Fildes, 1891.

Medicine is the only field that actually has a dictionary definition of dominant group.

Medicine

Def. "[t]he study of the cause, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease or illness"[1] is called medicine.

Dominant group

A definition of dominant group: "a social group that controls the value system and rewards in a particular society."[2] occurs in Mosby's Medical Dictionary.[2]

American Medical Association

“Sayre's activities made orthopedics a successful specialty, but he much annoyed the surgeons by his cutting into their work. The genito-urinary men at this time were also a very dominant group.”[3]

Criminal psychiatry

Crime “means simply those varieties of behavior or of manifest allegiance which are so experienced by dominant group elements as to touch off the ultimate or primitive defensive responses in question.”[4]

Depression

"On the verbal tests employed, the dominant group were markedly impaired after five treatments, while the non-dominant group were improved in their performance, presumably because of the lightening of the depression."[5]

Medical ethics

“I learned that there was a dominant white group and a nondominant black group, and the interactions between the two groups were complicated, often abrasive, and pervasively contentious.”[6]

“I am also concerned that dominant group psychiatrists, some of whom spend little time reflecting on the situation of their nondominant group colleagues, often pursue with enthusiastic single-mindedness the political interests of the dominant group in the context of our professional organizations.”[6]

Neuropsychiatry

“In a preliminary study by Meyer and Yates,1 it was reported that after temporal lobectomy some intellectual changes take place and that evaluation of the effects of the operation requires a breakdown into dominant and nondominant groups.”[7]

Psychosomatic medicine

“These findings have added statistical significance when one breaks down this dominant group.”[8]

Psychotherapy

"Because psychiatrists, and particularly analysts, were the dominant group involved in psychotherapy at this time, they essentially provided the model for the relative newcomers with lower status, such as clinical psychologists."[9]

Social psychiatry

"The primary condition of racism refers to the psychological mechanisms and psychiatric problems which arise from this issue of power and will be found in the dominant group."[10]

"There are also implications for the process of diagnosis in psychiatry as it relates to the interaction between the dominant group and migrants who tend to be more socially disadvantaged."[11]

Research

Hypothesis:

  1. A dominant group in medicine is the American Medical Association.
  2. Medicine combines certified medical practice, scientific research, with applicable technology.
  3. Remedy can combine nutrition, physicians, scientific research, and applicable technology.

Control groups

This is an image of a Lewis rat. Credit: Charles River Laboratories.

The findings demonstrate a statistically systematic change from the status quo or the control group.

“In the design of experiments, treatments [or special properties or characteristics] are applied to [or observed in] experimental units in the treatment group(s).[12] In comparative experiments, members of the complementary group, the control group, receive either no treatment or a standard treatment.[13]"[14]

Proof of concept

Def. a “short and/or incomplete realization of a certain method or idea to demonstrate its feasibility"[15] is called a proof of concept.

Def. evidence that demonstrates that a concept is possible is called proof of concept.

The proof-of-concept structure consists of

  1. background,
  2. procedures,
  3. findings, and
  4. interpretation.[16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "medicine, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. February 26, 2013. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
  2. 1 2 Farlex (2009). "The Free Dictionary by Farlex: Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition". Elsevier. Retrieved 2011-09-07.
  3. ↑ Charles L. Dana (1928). "Early neurology in the United States". Journal of the American Medical Association 90 (18): 1421-4. doi:10.1001/jama.1928.02690450001001.
  4. ↑ George H. Dession (January 1938). "Psychiatry and the conditioning of criminal justice". Yale Law Journal 47 (3): 319.
  5. ↑ A. M. Halliday, K. Davison, M. W. Browne and L. C. Kreeger (August 1968). "A Comparison of the Effects on Depression and Memory of Bilateral E.C.T. and Unilateral E.C.T. to the Dominant and Non-Dominant Hemispheres". The British Journal of Psychiatry 114 (513): 997-1012. doi:10.1192/bjp.114.513.997. PMID 4879296. http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/114/513/997.short. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
  6. 1 2 Ezra E. H. Griffith (January 2007). Lawrence Prograis Jr., Edmund D. Pellegrino. ed. Personal Narrative and an African American Perspective on Medical Ethics, In: African American bioethics: culture, race, and identity. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. pp. 105-26. ISBN 978-1-58901-163-2. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fphseVaEX5QC&pg=PA112&hl=en&ei=xJCUTtv3F5D2sgbP8qTJBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  7. ↑ V. Meyer (1959). "Cognitive Changes Following Temporal Lobectomy for Relief of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy". Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry 81 (3): 299-309. http://archneurpsyc.highwire.org/cgi/content/summary/81/3/299. Retrieved 2011-07-26.
  8. ↑ Leon Moses (November 1946). "Psychodynamic and electroencephalographic factors in duodenal ulcer". Psychosomatic medicine 8 (6): 405-9. http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/content/8/6/405.short. Retrieved 2011-07-26.
  9. ↑ Sol L. Garfield (February 1981). "Psychotherapy: A 40-year appraisal". American Psychologist 36 (2): 174-83. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.36.2.174. http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/amp/36/2/174/. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
  10. ↑ Aggrey W. Burke (March 1984). "Is Racism a Causatory Factor in Mental Illness?". International Journal of Social Psychiatry 30 (1-2): 1-3. doi:10.1177/002076408403000101. http://isp.sagepub.com/content/30/1-2/1.short. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
  11. ↑ Gerard Hutchinson and Christian Haasen (May 2004). "Migration and schizophrenia". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 39 (5): 350-7. doi:10.1007/s00127-004-0766-0. http://www.springerlink.com/content/kupnn1pt51kbwpuj/. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
  12. ↑ Klaus Hinkelmann, Oscar Kempthorne (2008). Design and Analysis of Experiments, Volume I: Introduction to Experimental Design (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-72756-9. http://books.google.com/?id=T3wWj2kVYZgC&printsec=frontcover.
  13. ↑ R. A. Bailey (2008). Design of comparative experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9. http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521683579.
  14. ↑ "Treatment and control groups, In: Wikipedia". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. May 18, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  15. ↑ "proof of concept, In: Wiktionary". San Francisco, California: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. November 10, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  16. ↑ Ginger Lehrman and Ian B Hogue, Sarah Palmer, Cheryl Jennings, Celsa A Spina, Ann Wiegand, Alan L Landay, Robert W Coombs, Douglas D Richman, John W Mellors, John M Coffin, Ronald J Bosch, David M Margolis (August 13, 2005). "Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study". Lancet 366 (9485): 549-55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67098-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1894952/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.

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