Welsh/Mynediad/Lesson 2
< Welsh < MynediadGoals:
- Ask where someone works.
- Learn when to use chi and ti
- Respond personally to the question 'Where do you work?' using mewn and yn y/yr
- Learn about the definite article y/yr
- Ask what someone likes.
- Talk about your interests.
- Learn how to respond 'Yes, I do' and 'No, I don't'.
Dialogue
Welsh Conversation • Lesson 2 •  audio (upload) Gwers 1  Lesson 2 | |
|---|---|
| Using chi: | |
| A | Lle dych chi'n gweithio? |
| B | Dw i'n gweithio mewn banc. Lle dych chi'n gweithio? |
| A | Dw i'n gweithio yn y Brifysgol. Dych chi'n hoffi'r Brifysgol? |
| B | Ydw. Dw i'n hoffi'r Brifysgol. |
| Using ti: | |
| A | Lle wyt ti'n gweithio? |
| B | Dw i'n gweithio mewn banc. Lle wyt ti'n gweithio? |
| A | Dw i'n gweithio yn y Brifysgol. Wyt ti'n hoffi'r Brifysgol? |
| B | Ydw. Dw i'n hoffi'r Brifysgol. |
--Mam T&J (discuss • contribs) 11:41, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
Vocabulary
| Welsh Vocabulary • Lesson 2 • audio (upload) Gwers 1 Lesson 1 | |
|---|---|
| Cymraeg | English |
| Lle or Ble | Where |
| Gweithio | To work |
| Hoffi | To like |
| Yn | In |
| Mewn | 'In a' |
| Y | The |
| 'r | The |
| Y brifysgol | The university |
| Banc | Bank |
The Definite Article
| The definite article for an noun (the) has many forms in Welsh. If the noun begins with a consonant, use y. If the noun begins with a vowel, use yr. Directly after a vowel, use 'r. |
car
- (a) car
y car
- the car
afal
- (an) apple
yr afal
- the apple
Wyt ti'n hoffi sglodion?
- Do you like chips?
Wyt ti'n hoffi'r sglodion?
- Do you like the chips?
Dw i
In the dialogue, you'll see dw i which translates as 'I do' or 'I am'. We can use this to make present tense sentences for the first person. Just use dw i plus a linking particle yn to connect a verb. Yn has to shorten to 'n, so the form is dw i'n. There are other variations of this patter, such as rydw i and rwy also.
Dw i'n gweithio.
- I work OR I am working OR I do work.
Note, how Dw i'n gweithio is equivalent to all three English sentences 'I work', 'I am working', or 'I do work'. Again:
Dw i'n siarad.
- I speak OR I am speaking OR I do speak.
Some more verbs to practice with:
Dw i'n hoffi Cymraeg.
- I like Welsh. I am liking Welsh. I do like Welsh.
Dw i'n gweithio.
- I work. I'm working. I do work.
Dw i'n darllen.
- I read. I'm reading. I do read.
Chi v. Ti
| Welsh has two words for the pronoun 'you' - Chi and Ti. Chi is used for formal situations, and ti for informal situations and familiar people. |
Dach chi'n gweithio?
- Do you work? (formal)
Wyt ti'n gweithio?
- Do you work? (informal)
Dach chi and wyt ti are the question forms for chi and ti. Like dw i, need the linking yn to connect verbs. Some more examples:
Dach chi'n hoffi sglodion?
- Do you like chips?
Wyt ti'n siarad Cymraeg?
- Do you speak Welsh?
Dach chi and Rwyt ti are the affirmative forms for chi and ti. That is, they make statements, rather than questions.
Dach chi'n siarad Cymraeg.
- You do speak Welsh. (statement)
Rwyt ti'n actio.
- You do act. You are acting.
Review
- Use chi for formal situations, and ti for informal situations
- A chi question is dach chi and a ti question is wyt ti
- Using the linking yn to connect the 'to be' verb to another verb-noun. This shortens to 'n after a vowel. Verbs are called 'verb-nouns' in Welsh as they can serve as both a noun and a verb.
- Dw i is the first person for the present tense. It also must be connected with 'n to use verb-nouns.
- In Welsh, you do not answer with a general 'yes' or 'no'. Instead, you answer with 'I do', 'He does', etc. For the first person, ydw and nac ydw are the response words (I do and I don't).
- The definite article (the) takes one of three forms: y/yr/'r. Y is used before consonants. Yr is generally used before vowels. 'r is used after vowels.