Arabic/LearnRW/Row 3 and 1

ه, ك, م, ي

The letters written above are called (again from the right) Haa, Kaff, Miim, and Yaa.

Haa (ه) makes the [h] sound like the first sound in "hat". It is never silent.
Kaaf (ك) makes the [‎k] sound. This is almost the same as the 'k' in "kill" or the 'c' in "cap".^[1]
Mem (م) makes the [m] sound like the first sound in "mom".
Yaa (ي) makes the [j] sound. This is not the normal English 'j' (as in 'jam'). It is like the 'j' in "fjord". In English this is usually written with the letter 'y'; [j] is the first sound in "you" and "yes".

The unique thing about ه (haa) is that in most styles of writing all its forms look different. Recall that every Arabic letter has 4 forms (usually only 2 significantly differing forms).

Reference

Three times	Twice	End	Middle	Start	Alone	Name	Phonetic
ههه	هه	ـه	ـهـ	هـ	ه	Haa	[h]
ككك	كك	ـك	ـكـ	كـ	ك	Kaaf	[k]
ممم	مم	ـم	ـمـ	مـ	م	Mem	[m]
ييي	يي	ـي	ـيـ	يـ	ي	Yaa	[j]

Exercises

Do First: Sound Association
Hallil Exercises
Transliteration Exercises
rakkib Exercises

Notes

↑ The only difference is that it is not aspirated. Normal English speakers can't tell the difference and it's unlikely Arabic speakers can either

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