Eye exam

8-point eye exam includes[1]
  1. Visual acuity
  2. Pupil exam
  3. EOM and alignment
  4. IOP
  5. Confrontational visual fields
  6. External exam
  7. Slit-lamp exam
  8. Fundoscopy

Visual Acuity
  • (OD (R)/ OS (L))
  • Obtain VA while wearing correction
  • Pinhole occluder will aid in uncorrected refractive error
  • Progression from better to worse:
    • CF, count fingers
    • HM, hand motions only
    • Light perception with projection, LP
      • Eye can determine which direction light is coming from (left, right, up, down)
    • Light perception without projection (cannot tell direction)
    • No light perception, NLP

Slit Lamp Exam
  • Lids and Lashes
    • Eversion
  • Conjunctiva and Sclera
    • Injection, hemorrhage, discharge
  • Cornea
    • Fluorescein for abrasions, foreign bodies
    • Perforation (staining or pooling - Seidel's sign)
  • Anterior Chamber
    • Cell and flare
  • Iris
  • Lens
  • APD (afferent pupillary defect)
    • Affected pupil enlarges in response to light
    • Due to optic nerve dysfunction-neuritis vs retinal damage

Slit Lamp Abbreviations
  • L/L (lids/lashes) = nl
  • C (conjunctiva) = cl
  • K (cornea) = cl
  • A/C (anterior chamber) = D/Q (dark/quiet)
  • I (iris) = R/R (round/reactive)
  • L (lens) = cl

(cl = clear; nl = normal)

Fundoscopic Exam
  • Optic disc for cupping/pallor/swelling/hemorrhage
  • Central retina for hemor/pallor
  • Peripheral retina for vessel appearance/hemorrhage/detachment

Other

See Also

Video

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References
  1. Rupp JD. The 8-Point Eye Exam. American Academy of Ophthalmology. MAY 24, 2016. http://www.aao.org/young-ophthalmologists/yo-info/article/how-to-conduct-eight-point-ophthalmology-exam.
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