Rubella

Background
  • Also known as "German measles"
  • Incubation 2-3wk
  • Nearly eradicated in the United States with the use of the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccination

Clinical Features
Rubella
  • Incubation period 12-25d
  • Prodrome 1-5d
  • Rash
    • May be short-lived or protracted (2-3d)
    • Pink macules/papules on face, spreads to neck, trunk, arms
      • Coalesces on face as it reaches the lower extremities
  • Forschheimer spots: petechiae on hard/soft palate
  • Lymphadenopathy
    • Suboccipital and posterior auricular nodes
  • Arthralgias, arthritis
  • Risk of severe congenital illness if fetus exposed to virus, especially in 1st trimester

Differential Diagnosis

Pediatric Rash

Evaluation
  • Clinical history and lack of immunization usually sufficient for diagnosis
  • CDC also recommends sending throat/nasal swabs for PCR[1]

Management
  • Supportive care
  • Isolation for 7 days after onset of rash[2]
  • Contact health department

Disposition

See Also
  • Pediatric Rashes

References
  1. https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/hcp.html
  2. https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/hcp.html
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