Prilocaine

General

Maximum Doses of Anesthetic Agents
Agent Without Epinephrine With Epinephrine Duration Notes
Lidocaine5 mg/kg (max 300mg)7 mg/kg (max 500mg)30-90 min
  • 1% soln contains 10 mg/ml
  • 2% soln contains 20 mg/ml
Mepivicaine7 mg/kg8 mg/kg
Bupivicaine2.5 mg/kg (max 175mg)3 mg/kg (max 225mg)6-8 hr
  • 0.5% soln contains 5 mg/ml
  • May cause cardiac arrest if injected intravascularly
  • Do not buffer with bicarbonate
Ropivacaine3 mg/kg
Prilocaine6 mg/kg
Tetracaine1 mg/kg1.5 mg/kg3hrs (10hrs with epi)
Procaine7 mg/kg10 mg/kg30min (90min with epi)

Adult Dosing

Pediatric Dosing

Special Populations
  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Unknown
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications
  • Allergy to class/drug
  • Methemoglobinemia

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common
  • Anxiety, restlessness
  • Dizziness
  • Twitching, shivering
  • Edema

Pharmacology
  • Half-life: 10-150 min
  • Metabolism: hepatic and renal
  • Excretion: urinary
  • Mechanism of Action: Local anesthetic; prevents generation/conduction of nerve impulses by reducing sodium permeability and increasing action potential threshold

See Also
  • Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST)

References
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