Pediatric rashes

This page is for pediatric patients; for other age groups see general approach to rashes and neonatal rashes

Background

Dermatology Nomenclature

Small lesions (<0.5cm)
  • Macule – flat, cirumscribed, colored, non palpable
  • Papule – raised, solid and palpable
  • Vesicle – raised, palpable, clear fluid-filled
  • Pustule – raised, palpable, pus filled (leukocytes or keratin)

Large lesions (>0.5cm)
  • Patch – large macule (flat non-palpable colored area)
  • Plaque – superficially raised, circumscribed solid area
  • Nodule – distinct large papule
  • Bulla - large vesicle (blisters if epidermal layer completely sloughed off)
  • Wheal – firm and edematous plaque (edema of the dermis)

Other
  • Plaque/scaley papule
  • Eschar
  • Erosion/ulcer
  • Purpura/petechia
  • Plaque/smooth papule

Rash Red Flags[1]
  • Fever
  • Toxic appearance
  • Hypotension
  • Mucosal lesions
  • Severe pain
  • Very old or young age
  • Immunosuppressed
  • New medication

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Pediatric Rash

Evaluation

Pediatric rashes visual diagnosis

Management

Disposition

See Also

References
  1. Nguyen T and Freedman J. Dermatologic Emergencies: Diagnosing and Managing Life-Threatening Rashes. Emergency Medicine Practice. September 2002 volume 4 no 9.
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