Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Background
- Typically affects patients <40yo
Clinical Features
- Pneumonia
- Walking pneumonia, patchy and interstitial
- Relative bradycardia
- Bullous myringitis - painful, fluid filled vesicles on eardrum
- Presence of otalgia should prompt evaluation
- (Streptococcus pneumoniae is also associated with bullous myringitis)
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Cold agglutinins with IgM
- Erythema Multiforme
- Encephalitis
Differential Diagnosis
Causes of Pneumonia
Bacteria
- Gram-positive
- Gram-negative
- Atypical pneumonia
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
- Chlamydophila psittaci
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Coxiella burnetti
- Legionella pneumophila
Viral
- Common
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus
- Parainfluenza
- Rarer
- Adenovirus
- Metapneumovirus
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
- Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS)
- 2019-nCoV (COVID-19)
- Cause other diseases, but sometimes cause pneumonia
- Herpes simplex virus
- Varicella-zoster (VZV)
- Measles
- Rubella
- Cytomegalovirus
- Smallpox
- Dengue
Evaluation
Management
Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
Table Overview
See Also
References
- Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014
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