Dilated cardiomyopathy

Background

Heart is dilated with poor contraction and EF
Idiopathic form accounts for 25% of CHF
Viral/chronic myocarditis is most common identifiable causes
Other causes
- Ischemic
- Other infectious - HIV, Lyme, Chagas
- Familial dilated cardiomyopathy
- Hypertensive dilated cardiomyopathy
- Toxic (ETOH/beriberi, cocaine, methamphetamine, chemo, heavy metals)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Sarcoidosis
- Peripartum cardiomyopathy
- Kawasaki disease
- Autoimmune, SLE
- Connective tissue disease
- Infiltrative disease
- Mitochondrial disease
- Tachycardia-mediated
- ESRD
- Eosinophilic (Churg-Strauss syndrome)

Evaluation

CHF symptoms
CXR
- Cardiomegaly, pulmonary venous htn
ECG
- LV hypertrophy, poor R wave progression
Ultrasound
- Bedside (for gross function)
- TTE/TEE for EF

Differential Diagnosis

Cardiomyopathy

Management

Treat the underlying diseae
Similar to CHF exacerbation
Ensure exacerbation not due to ischemia

See Also

Cardiomyopathy (Main)

References

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