8. How are the female
gametes of gymnosperms
formed? What is the
relationship between this
process and the concept of
alternation of generations?

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In the female strobiles () there are
megasporophylls (fertile of the
strobile) that megasporangia. In
the megasporangium spore mother
cell undergoes generating four
haploid cells which three regress and
gives birth to the
megaspore. The functional megaspore
several mitosis forms the
gametophyte that contains the
(female gametes) of the
. The female gametophyte is
within the megasporangium that
a small opening, the ,
through which the pollen enters.

The process is to the diplobiontic
life (alternation of generations)
since functional megaspore
generates the stage of the plant
( female gametophyte).